Bertha Pappenheim (1859-1937) grew up in a wealthy orthodox Jewish family in Vienna. At the age of 21, her father became ill and she developed strange symptoms herself. Bertha was treated by the family doctor, Joseph Breuer, whose colleague, Sigmund Freud, became interested in the "talking cure". They collaborated on the first book on psychoanalysis, Studies in Hysteria. After her father's death, Bertha moved to Frankfurt, where she became active in the struggle for women's rights.