{ "item_title" : "Differences in Civil Engineer Perceptions of Change Based on Prior Training and Experience", "item_author" : [" Steven W. Lo "], "item_description" : "The Department of Defense (DoD) and the United States Air Force (USAF) have moved toward an aggressive stance to competitively source and privatize (CSP) support functions as much as possible. This move is intended to shrink support costs and redirect the savings to force and equipment modernization. In addition, the USAF hopes to realize improved services, gain access to technology, share risks with contractors, and allow its forces to focus on the core competencies. In order to implement CSP, the USAF communicates information through two major pathways, passive and active. Passive communication is similar to traditional classroom learning where information is read or briefed to subjects. Active training is learning through actual experience. Though both types of training have been proven effective, it is hypothesized that active, or experiential, training positively affects the subject's perception on outsourcing more than passive training. A web-based survey was developed to measure constructs involving perceptions of outsourcing and determine what type of training the subjects had received. Analysis of variance showed no statistically significant differences between these two groups. However, subjects that had received both types of training were overall more negative on their views toward outsourcing.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.", "item_img_path" : "https://covers1.booksamillion.com/covers/bam/1/28/686/205/1286862051_b.jpg", "price_data" : { "retail_price" : "17.95", "online_price" : "17.95", "our_price" : "17.95", "club_price" : "17.95", "savings_pct" : "0", "savings_amt" : "0.00", "club_savings_pct" : "0", "club_savings_amt" : "0.00", "discount_pct" : "10", "store_price" : "" } }

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