{ "item_title" : "History of Computer Programs", "item_author" : [" Andreas Sofroniou "], "item_description" : "Although the development of the computer has been largely played out during the 20th century, there is a long history of automatic calculation. Among the earliest electronic computers were the Colossus series of special-purpose computers, developed secretly in the UK from 1943. A new era for reliable software started by using small layers of software above the hardware and by developing the microcode it enabled the computer to execute a larger set of instructions, which allow reading from and writing to files, input/output devices. This is provided by the compiler or interpreter, which permits a programmer to write programs in a problem-orientated computer language. Such a development of software engineering made the design and implementation a less error-prone process. The major challenges for the future of computing and the programs include the development of even higher level computer languages for the in-depth Internaut surfacing, and artificial intelligence thus being closer to human behaviour.", "item_img_path" : "https://covers1.booksamillion.com/covers/bam/0/24/464/246/024464246X_b.jpg", "price_data" : { "retail_price" : "23.32", "online_price" : "23.32", "our_price" : "23.32", "club_price" : "23.32", "savings_pct" : "0", "savings_amt" : "0.00", "club_savings_pct" : "0", "club_savings_amt" : "0.00", "discount_pct" : "10", "store_price" : "" } }

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