{ "item_title" : "Structure Formation in Solution", "item_author" : [" Norio Ise", "Ikuo Sogami "], "item_description" : "1. 1 Macroionic Systems and the Scope of the Book Inthepresentmonograph, wewilldiscussionicpolymersolutionsandcolloidal dispersions. When these substances are dissolved into a solvent, they produce ionicspecies havinglargemolecularweightsandtheir counterions. We knowa variety of naturally occurring ionic polymers and chemically synthesizedc- pounds. Examples of the former are nucleic acids and some proteins, which playanimportantroleinbiologicalsystems. Examplesofsyntheticionicpo- mers are polyacrylic acid (PAA), polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSS) and poly- lylamine (PAAm). PAAisahighpolymer, inwhichmacrylicacidmoleculesCH =CH(COOH) 2 arelinearlypolymerizedby covalent bonds. Thenumber mis calledthe degree 3 of polymerization and is usually of the order of 10 . When PAA is dissolved in a dissociating solvent like water, anionic macroions and counterions are produced. In the following scheme, the counterions are protons but they may + be metal cations such as Na: ? ? ? ? ?CH ? CH? ?CH ? CH? 2 2 + ? ? ? ? + mH ? COOH COO m m PAA PAA anion Counterions. PAAm is a cationic polymer and dissociates into PAAm cations and anionic counterions as shown below: ? ? ? ? ?CH ? CH? ?CH ? CH? 2 2 ? ? ? ? ? +mHCl ? +mCl + CH ?NH CH ?NH 2 2 2 3 m m PAAm PAAm cation Counterions. 2 1 Introduction + ? In the case of NaCl, it dissociates into Na and Cl, which both have low molecular weights. On the other hand, PAA anions and PAAm cations have 3 highmolecularweights. Ifmis10, onepolymerion(macroion)hasananalyt- 3 + icalchargenumberZ of10, whichisexceedinglylargerthan1forNa .", "item_img_path" : "https://covers4.booksamillion.com/covers/bam/3/54/025/271/3540252711_b.jpg", "price_data" : { "retail_price" : "199.99", "online_price" : "199.99", "our_price" : "199.99", "club_price" : "199.99", "savings_pct" : "0", "savings_amt" : "0.00", "club_savings_pct" : "0", "club_savings_amt" : "0.00", "discount_pct" : "10", "store_price" : "" } }

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